In 1949, the Hartford Township Fire Department was established in order to provide fire protection services for its residents. Shortly thereafter, the township trustees relinquished operational control and the fire department became an independent, privately owned corporation. Governed by its Fire Board, in similar manner to the board of directors of many well-known nonprofit organizations, the current organizational structure remains largely the same. The Fire Board is the foundation of the organization, responsible for the creation of the Constitution and Bylaws, handling finances, and ultimately approving employees for hire or dismissal at the recommendation of the fire chief. These members are also involved in new asset acquisition through their involvement in the design/build process and ultimately are responsible for making the decision to purchase or forgo the addition of capital expenditures.

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Operationally, the Hartford Fire Department is led by the fire chief, one assistant chief, two captains, and two lieutenants. The department currently has sixteen part-time members, all trained at minimum as a Firefighter II/EMT. The department also has one active volunteer firefighter.